新生代簽證移民事務所
中國大陸:4006226394
中國香港:(852) 9055-1080
北美:1 (888) 622-6394

如何為了上訴成功準備簽證

  有的簽證是註定很難過簽的,比如大齡無雅思簽學簽,在加拿大讀學院的配偶申請工簽,或者在加拿大沒有工作的小孩的父母申請探親。
  拒簽這類,簽證官大部分時候並不是真的不相信你不會按時離開加拿大——甚至有時候他們非常清楚你會按時離開,只是他們內部有“政策”或者“名額”限制他們這麼做。而“內部政策”和“名額限制”並沒有寫到移民法里,所以說他們的拒簽都是不符合移民法,很容易上訴成功的。
  對於這種情況,建議一簽就把材料準備得很完美,作好上訴的準備,一旦拒簽立馬上訴。有什麼內容加在一簽里會讓上訴起來比較容易呢?

拒簽的點

  臨時居民簽證(包括旅遊簽、學簽和工簽)拒簽無非都是引用不符合移民法這一條:

20 (1)(b) to become a temporary resident, that they hold the visa or other document required under the regulations and will leave Canada by the end of the period authorized for their stay.

  也就是你要讓相信你會在移民局授權的時間內離開加拿大。
  請注意移民傾向並不能成為拒簽理由之一,事實上籤證官早就不允許用移民傾向拒簽了:

22 (2) An intention by a foreign national to become a permanent resident does not preclude them from becoming a temporary resident if the officer is satisfied that they will leave Canada by the end of the period authorized for their stay.

簽證官的決定要合理

  簽證官的權利不是無限大的,很早的判決就支持既然提交材料是簽證申請人的責任,那麼簽證官的責任就是根據手頭的材料作出“合理”的判斷:

While the burden of proof is on the applicant, the decision must be based on reasonable findings of fact, and must be based on the record at hand. (Zhang v Canada, 2014 FC 499, at para 8)

  合理的標準在2008年最高法判決Dunsmuir v New Brunswick中有更詳細法理闡述,在實際應用中,經常被提到的有以下幾點。

學習(工作、旅行)計劃要合理

  這個合理的標準非常低,比如“找不到工作要進修”,“不喜歡目前的專業”等都可以成為想要去學習的理由。簽證官經常用“你為什麼不在國內深造”拒簽,事實上法院不會支持這種論調,早在2001年法官就認為“為什麼不在其他國家深造”是無關的(Wang v Canada, 199 FTR 302, at para 10).

家庭約束力

  學簽家庭約束力是非常強的一個因素,法官非常支持“獨生子”會按時離開加拿大,在法官看來,如果獨生子(女)的父母在中國有穩定的工作,而申請中提到了這一條,那麼簽證官假象申請人會黑在加拿大就是非常不合理的。

The visa officer failed to address a very relevant factor; namely the applicant’s ties to China which would be evidence of her likelihood to return to China upon the completion of her studies. Her ties in China are her parents, who are both successful, and have established themselves in significant employment. Her father is employed as a director general of the police and her mother is employed as a financial manager for the government and for several other companies. The applicant is an only child and stated in her affidavit that she would be returning to China because her parents would miss her. I think it was also apparent from the record that the applicant would miss her parents. The applicant is pursuing her studies in Canada upon the recommendation of her father. The applicant was still a minor at the time of her application for a student visa, and her father seeks a Canadian education for his daughter. There is no evidence that the visa officer considered and rejected this relevant factor with respect to whether the applicant was a bona fide visitor. The visa officer must demonstrate that she considered a highly relevant factor which contradicts the conclusion that the applicant would not return to China. (Guo v Canada, 2001 FCT 1353, at para 17)

  除了獨生子,在國內有工作、有房子、有兄弟姐妹、有親戚,都可以作為約束力的證明之一,只要簽證官沒有在拒簽理由裡面提到這些,就很容易上訴成功。

知道黑在加拿大的後果

  在解釋信中提及自己了解黑在加拿大的後果是有必要的,如果你寫了,簽證官沒能考慮到並寫到拒簽理由里,就很有可能會上訴成功。

The decision to submit the applicant’s declaration is not a banal gesture. The declaration is a clear statement that the applicant understands the consequences of overstaying his welcome in Canada, and for this reason, it will not happen. It cannot be presumed to be true, as the policy considerations of such a blanket approach would be disastrous: every applicant would simply submit a similar declaration in order to “prove” that he would not overstay his temporary permit. However, the statements made in this declaration must be weighed by the officer in light of the totality of the evidence and the personal circumstances of the applicant. (Cao v Canada, 2010 FC 941, at para 13)

不要有其他硬傷

  如果能做到上述幾點,加上別出現其他硬傷,簽證官通常就找不出什麼有料的理由可以拒簽了,如果調檔後發現拒簽理由類似下圖這種,簡直就是為了上訴準備的:

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